Business etiquette
It is important to understand how uniquely different the business culture and etiquette in Bahrain is and just how much it is influenced by the country’s culture and traditional values. Bahrain is considered the most liberal and tolerant country in the GCC however so you do not need to be overly conscious of how you behave as you might in other countries, just be respectful of local culture and beliefs. You should also research and try to abide by local laws, regulations and rules in place within business.
Working practices are very different, especially in terms of business hours and working weeks. Friday is the holy day so all businesses will be closed on this day, as most will also be on a Thursday. Business hours will also vary during Ramadan and other holidays so be aware of this when scheduling appointments. When booking meetings schedule in advance and confirm a few days beforehand. Avoid booking meetings during the prime vacation months of July and August. Be punctual when meeting but also be prepared to be flexible as schedules can change without notice.
Upon meeting your Bahraini counterparts the usual greeting is “As-salam alaikum” (“peace be upon you”) to which you should reply “Wa alaikum as-salam” (“and upon you be peace”). Handshakes can last longer than usual. Ensure that you shake with the right hand as is customary. Bahraini’s are tactile in nature and holding hands between men is common so don’t be surprised by this. Before greeting a woman wait for her to extend her hand and if she does not do not shake hands so as not to go against cultural traditions and cause offense. The exchange of business cards is customary in Bahraini business culture but there is no formal procedure for this. Address your Bahraini counterparts using titles and first names to show respect. It is also important that you greet and shake hands with the most senior person first.
Status and hierarchy are very important in Bahraini culture. Status is not only ascribed through position but also through age, wealth and family relations. Those who have seniority hold a high level of respect and authority. Decision making in most business organisations is top down, although decision making can be a slow process as consensus is usually required before a conclusion is reached.
Establishing strong relationships is a very important part of the business culture so you should take time to get to know your Bahraini business partners. The purpose of initial meetings will be relationship building. Be open and friendly and expect not to discuss business during the initial meeting. Family is a good topic to discuss however avoid asking about female family members (especially wives or daughters) as this is considered disrespectful. Remain in close distance to show respect and mutual understanding and ensure that you smile and maintain eye contact as this helps to build trust. Your Bahraini business partners will likely invite you to social occasions as part of the relationship building process. Women and men generally do not partake in social events together however so women may not be included in such invitations.
